Horses Inside Out is a unique and informative organisation for all equestrians to learn more about how the horse functions through lectures, talks, webinars, courses, books, model specimens, online content and other educational materials. Our USP is the anatomically painted horse! By using a horse painted on the outside with one of the eleven anatomical systems, we can show information relating to anatomy, therapy or biomechanics in a fun, understandable way. The knowledge can be tailored to all levels from advanced students to first time horse owners.

How long it takes depends on the structures depicted. Gillian likes the painting process to be calm and relaxed for the horses. We always allow plenty of time so the horse can have breaks and walks in hand as necessary and they are painted in a warm, dry, comfortable place with access to hay and water throughout. For a live painted horse lecture demonstrations Gillian will paint both sides of 2 horses and with the help of at least 4 volunteers we allow 6 hours to paint both horses. Gillian has now painted every anatomical system on horses as well as views from in front, behind and above. To see this work check out Horse Anatomy for Performance: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/product-page/horse-anatomy-for-performance For the project Anatomy in Action, a beautiful book and in-depth biomechanical course in horse movement, Gillian painted the skeleton on horses from all different breeds and disciplines with the aim to capture, in high definition slow-motion, all the gaits and movements horses perform. Learn more about Anaotmy in Action here: www.horsesinsideout.com/aia

Non-toxic, hypoallergenic water-based paint is used so it is safe for the horses and washes off. If you are looking to paint your horse we recommend you use wet chalks, chalk paint or chalk pens. Other favourite questions related to painting is: Do you use a stencil? - No is the answer; Who paints the horse? (Even the queen asked this question!) - Gillian does. How? - It is really only possible by possessing a thorough understanding of what is happening under the skin and being able to accurately pinpoint the location of bony structures beneath.

Yes we currently have 3 gorgeous horses. Toby is a 17.2hh 11yo ISH gelding allrounder who has evented up to 1* level. As well as being a star of Horses Inside Out and appearing in our online videos and on courses, Gillian and Toby regularly compete in dressage, showjumping and eventing and enjoy fun rides together. Norman is a 7yo grey 17.2hh ISH gelding who is the most recent horse to join our team. With the previous owners he hunted but has done little else. We are excited to see how he progresses with conditioning and training. Pumpernickel is an 7yo 12.2hh coloured cob and his main role is to take part on Horses Inside Out courses and be a good companion pony. He regularly does ground work exercises, lunging and long reining and is ridden occasionally to help keep him well exercised and healthy. Learn more about our horses here: www.horsesinsideout.com/blog

Freddie was a wonderful horse and has been the face of Horses Inside Out since the very beginning. He had a wonderful character and loved playing to the audience. He has many fans all over the world, and features on the front of most of Gillian’s books and DVD’s. He is also the Horses Inside Out logo. Sadly he passed away in 2021 but he lives on in Gillian’s publications, many videos, photographs, prints and in her heart. Read more about Freddie here: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/post/freddie-fox

There have been so many amazing moments with Horses Inside Out including:- Winning the Knowledge West Enterprise Award in 2008, Competing at advanced level eventing with Quake, Presenting to the Queen at the Household Cavalry in London Barracks in 2017, Being awarded the BHS Award of Merit in 2018 . Featuring on Countryfile and various other BBC and ITV television programmes. To learn more about Gillian click here https://www.horsesinsideout.com/about-gillian

Gillian certainly does. Every day if she can manage it! Her dad and partner Doug exercise the horses if she is away) In her 20s, Gillian evented up to advanced level but in more recent years, and as Horses Inside Out has grown, she now rides and trains for enjoyment. Gillian enjoys training, taking part in clinics, riding with friends and competing at low level dressage, showjumping and eventing. There is so much to learn and you never know it all. Gillian currently has 2 horses that she rides: Toby, a 17.2 gentle giant who loves dressage, show jumping and cross country, and Norman the youngster to bring on. You can read all about Gillian’s horses, family and other animals in her blogs: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/blog

We publish a weekly Horses Inside Out blog article every Monday! To receive notifications, to comment on blogs and articles and to follow your favourite blog categories, Become a Member of our Academy. ​ In the blog you will find a wealth of information about equine anatomy and biomechanics. The articles are full of exercises and top tips to help you improve your horse's musculoskeletal health, comfort and performance.There are also updates about Gillian and her horses, what they do, their lifestyle, how the horses are trained, as well as life at Wavendon Grange and its training facilities. You can read reports about Horses Inside Out activities and events. With over 115 blog articles already published, you can search topic areas by using key words to find a read relevant to your interest or study. Read all about it here: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/blog

Email us at info@HorsesInsideOut.com Or start a conversation in the chat below....

The purpose of Horses Inside Out is to show horse owners, riders, students, therapists, saddlers and anyone who would like to know more about the horse how understanding anatomy and biomechanics improves performance and reduces the risk of injury. It is all about improving the welfare and comfort of our horses. If you have ever been to one of Gillian’s courses or demonstrations, you can see the love and kindness she has for all her equine friends. \ Learn more about what we do: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/our-events

Horses Inside Out was established in 2006 by Gillian Higgins. At the time, working as a coach and equine massage therapist Gillian realised that many of her clients would benefit from a better understanding of how their horses work. If riders and horse owners understood more about the anatomy and biomechanics of their horses, they could train more effectively, better assess movement, form realistic goals, reduce the risk of injury and improve equine welfare, comfort and performance. Learn more about Gillian here: www.horsesinsideout.com/about-gillian Horses Inside Out started out with small workshops but with every course and lecture demonstration Gillian performed, it led to another. Horses Inside Out grew into an international educational organisation. Learn more about Horses Inside Out here: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/about-us

A wealth of information can be found online in the form of blogs and articles, the free tutorial video channel, live and recorded webinars, online video lectures and courses, as well as hands-on practical courses and live demonstrations. You can also buy any of Gillian’s books and educational resources from the online shop. Take time to peruse our website and decide what is of interest to you. Blog Articles: Published Articles: Books, ebooks, posters and prints: Upcoming live events: Online videos, webinars and courses:

The best way to hear about everything we do is to become a Horses Inside Out Academy member. It’s free to join: www.horsesinsideout.com/welcome Sign up to our mailing list to get notifications about future events and courses: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/signup

Yes we are very active on social media. We regularly post videos, top tips and facts. Become a member of our facebook group: Gillian Higgins and Horses Inside Out Community Forum Follow our facebook page: Horses Inside Out Follow us on instagram: HorsesInsideOut_ Subscribe to our youtube channel: HorsesInsideOut

The whole of our website is peppered with incredible images but to see or gallery simply click here: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/gallery-photos

Horses Inside Out is based at Wavendon Grange in the heart of Leicestershire’s beautiful countryside. Take a look at the gallery.

At Wavendon Grange, there is a beautiful, well equipped classroom full of anatomical specimens, bones, skeletons and interactive teaching models as well as audio visual equipment. The classroom has a safe non-slip floor allowing the horses to be brought inside to help with presentations. The yard houses four spacious stables and overlooks the attractive duck pond. There is also a large arena surfaced with sand and fibre, a smaller turn out arena, 2 small paddocks and two large turn out fields complete with a small selection of cross country jumps. Follow this link to find out more about the Horses Inside Out headquarters: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/wavendon-grange

Yes we do. Gillian is so passionate about her subject it is inspiring and we pride ourselves in attention to detail and professionalism and as a result have such lovely, positive feedback from our clients and attendees. You can read them here: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/testimonials YOUR HORSE MAGAZINE The anatomy lesson that will change the way you ride! KARINA HAWKSFIELD, VETERINARY PHYSIOTHERAPY Thanks to Gillian Higgins, Horses Inside Out and Hartpury College for another professionally lead and informative dissection workshop. We had great specimens and a fabulous time exploring the wonders of the musculature and skeleton of the head and neck including a guided tour of the brain. I believe these days are a must for all therapists, it is so important to get up close and personal to the structures we are working with. Text books are good but don’t give a true impression of the ‘interconnectedness’ of everything! DR WILFRIED BECHTOLSHEIMER Finally, a book (Horse Anatomy for Performance) where you can learn how your horse ticks -inside out- and it is easy to understand and fun to read. A must for every serious equestrian.

Gillian is a BHS Senior Coach, has a First Class Honours Degree from the Royal Agricultural University, Diplomas in Sports and Remedial Massage and Manipulation, Equine Sports Massage, McTimoney-Corley Manipulation, Myofascial Release Techniques as well as various other qualifications. Learn more about Gillian here: www.horsesinsideout.com/about-gillian

Live painted horse demonstrations are held for horse owners, riders, coaches, vet students, saddlers, farriers, and novice or advanced groups. With the internal anatomy painted on the outside Gillian can show participants how the horse works from the inside out. Click here for more information: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/our-events If you are interested in organising a live painted horse demonstration for your organisation or venue email info@horsesinsideout.com If you wish to find a live painted horse lecture demonstration near you visit www.horsesinsideout.com/whats-on-list Sign up to our mailing list to get notifications about future live painted horse lecture demonstrations: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/signup

We offer online and in-person practical courses for horse owners, riders, coaches, therapists and other equestrian professionals as well as bespoke lecture demonstrations for clubs, groups, vet practices and students. The best place to find out about everything we do is here: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/our-events

Yes! Horses Inside Out offers a wide range of courses over the year. These include:- Fascia Release Techniques 2-day Course Myofascial Chains and Techniques 2-day Course Joint Mobilisations and Musculoskeletal Testing 2-day Course Developing Palpation 2-day Course Assessing Posture and Movement 2-day Course Interactive Anatomy Day Course Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics 2-day Course Follow this link for the full list of courses we recommend for equine therapists: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/cpd-therapists There are also numerous online courses and learning opportunities perfect for equine therapists in the Horses Inside Out Academy. These are the online courses we recommend for equine therapists: Anatomy in Action Training the Brain Webinar series 1 and 2 collection Webinar series 3 collection Online lecture demonstration series collection Movement from the Anatomical Perspective Pilates for Horses Digestive Anatomy, Feeding and Nutrition We are always arranging new courses and events so keep an eye on our What’s on page to see what’s coming up. Also sign up to our mailing list to hear about new courses and events: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/signup

All APCs need to fill in the BHS CPD feedback form to submit their CPD in line with GDPR regulations: https://r1.dotdigital-pages.com/p/74RT-223/continuous-professional-development-cpd-feedback-form

There are many Horses Inside Out courses that can add to your knowledge and help develop your skills as a coach or trainer. The in-person courses we recommend for coaches include: Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics 2-day Course Assessing Posture and Movement 2-day Course Interactive Anatomy Day Course Pilates for Horses Day Course Any Live Painted Horse Demonstration We also regularly run live online seminars and webinars which are perfect for coaches and therapists. To see what is coming up go to our What’s On, or follow this link: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/riders-and-coaches We are always arranging new courses and events so keep an eye on our What’s On page to see what’s coming up. https://www.horsesinsideout.com/whats-on-list Also sign up to our mailing list to hear about new courses and events: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/signup

Yes I run an applied anatomy and biomechanics course for saddlery professionals in conjuction with Laurence Pearman from the Society of Master Saddlers. This course looks at practical aspects of applied biomechanics and anatomy of the horse’s back and head. It takes an in-depth look at the structure and function and relates it to way of going and saddle and bridle fit. The course is open to all fully qualified, practising and trainee saddlers, saddle fitters, saddle designers and saddle makers.

Horses Inside Out runs several courses for horse owners. In-person practical courses include: Massage Day Course for Horse Owners Pilates Day Course for Horse Owners 2-day Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics Course There are also numerous online courses and learning opportunities perfect for horse owners in the Horses Inside Out Academy. These are the online courses we recommend for horse owners: Online lecture demonstration series collection Movement from the Anatomical Perspective Pilates for Horses Webinar series 1 and 2 collection Webinar series 3 collection Digestive Anatomy, Feeding and Nutrition Anatomy in Action We are always arranging new courses and events so keep an eye on our What’s On page to see what’s coming up. Also sign up to our mailing list to hear about new courses and events: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/signup

With over 60 hours of recorded lectures and seminars and new live events coming up, there is so much online content available now through Horses Inside Out! Anatomy in Action is a comprehensive online biomechanics course in horse movement. A must for all coaches, instructors and anyone assessing horse movement and performance. Digestive Anatomy, Feeding and Nutrition with Gillian Higgins, Clare MacLeod and Liam Gamble is a fascinating day online course. A must for anyone wanting the best for their horse. Training the Brain with Dr Andrew Hemmings is a fascinating Day Course, perfect for coaches, trainers, therapists, riders and professionals in the equine industry. These and all our other online courses can be found in the Horses Inside Out Academy: On the first Wednesday of every month, Gillian hosts a very informative live webinar covering topics where aspects of practical anatomy and applied biomechanics are presented in a fascinating and easy to understand way. This is the Webinar Wednesday Series. Click on the link to find out more. After the date of the live event, Gillian’s webinars are added to the Academy. As a member, you can purchase lifetime access to any or all of the recorded webinars as well as the online video lectures and video courses. We regularly run online seminars with other professionals. Previous speakers include: Dr Vibeke Elbrønd, Dr Andrew Hemmings, Clare MacLeod and Dr Sue Dyson. To see what is coming up check out our WHAT’S ON page: Also sign up to our mailing list to hear about new courses and events: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/signup

Go to our What’s On page. Find it in the menu at the top of our website or follow this link: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/whats-on-list Also sign up to our mailing list to hear about new courses and events: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/signup

Yes! Gillian offers bespoke courses designed to suit your own needs. Topics that can be covered include Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pilates, Postural Assessments, etc. Follow this link to find out more information: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/cpd-bespoke

Yes! For live online events and in-person courses certificates of participation are emailed out to you after the course has ended. For recorded webinars and courses purchased in the Horses Inside Out Academy there is a link at the end of the course which you can click to download your certificate.

A one day course provides 8 hours of CPD. A two day course gives you 16 hours. An evening webinar is 2-3 hours.

If you are interested in hosting a Horses Inside Out live painted lecture demonstration or course with Gillian Higgins at your centre, send an email to: info@horsesinsideout.com. We will then arrange a zoom meeting to discuss the options most viable for your organisation and venue.

A light lunch of sandwiches, fruit, crisps and homemade cakes and biscuits are provided on most 2-day Horses Inside Out courses held at Wavendon Grange. For the one day courses bring your own packed lunch. A range of teas, coffee and bottled water is also provided. Please check on each individual course description page www.horsesinsideout.com/whats-on-list

There are several hotels and B&Bs in and around Old Dalby and our local town of Melton Mowbray. Here is a list of recommended places to stay: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/local-accommodation

Yes there is appropriate parking at the Horses Inside Out courses held at Wavendon Grange. Park on hardstanding or in the small field on the left at the end of the drive.

Each year we organise a popular, high quality two day conference focusing on a specific theme. Introduced by Gillian and with world-renowned speakers who are experts in their field, our conferences are aimed at all those with an interest in improving horse well being and performance as well as keeping abreast of new ideas, scientific research and the latest innovations in the equine world. Our conferences are of interest to riders of all disciplines, therapists, coaches, saddlery professionals, farriers, podiatrists, dentists, lecturers, students, vets and breeders. There is also an impressive anatomy exhibition, a scientific poster presentation area and a selection of presentation stands to keep us all up to date with current products and trends in thinking and equipment as well as a practical horse demonstration day every other year. We organise the conference normally around the third weekend in February in the middle of Britain so it is equally accessible whether you live in the North of Scotland or the tip of Cornwall. With 2 international airports and fast hourly trains from London, it is also easily accessible from all corners of the world. You can discover all about this year's conference here: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/annual-conference-2023

Yes from 2023 we are running the conference as a hybrid event so you have the option to either enjoy the conference online and from the comfort of your own home or in-person at the conference centre. Find out more here: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/annual-conference-2023

The Horses Inside Out Academy is our online learning hub which provides online learning opportunities for everyone, wherever you are in the world! Membership is free and joining our academy gives you access to:- FREE EXCLUSIVE TUTORIAL VIDEOS and the facility to purchase and watch online :- ONLINE LECTURE DEMONSTRATIONS RECORDED WEBINARS VIDEO LECTURES VIDEO COURSES Free or purchased, videos can be accessed at anytime and viewed as many times as you like from any device and from the comfort of your own home. Learn more about the academy : https://www.horsesinsideout.com/academy-about Visit the academy home page :https://www.horsesinsideout.com/academy

On the Horses Inside Out website at the top of the page, click on ‘Log in or become an Academy member.’ You will be asked to fill in a registration form and then click submit. Alternatively, follow this link:https://www.horsesinsideout.com/welcome Remember, becoming a member is free :-)

Membership to the Horses Inside Out Academy is free. Once a member you can access the free tutorial video channel and have the opportunity purchase, pick and mix style, and watch online :- ONLINE LECTURE DEMONSTRATIONS (from £20 each) VIDEO LECTURES (from £15 each) VIDEO COURSES (from £20 each) RECORDED WEBINARS (from £10 each) Free or purchased, videos can be accessed at anytime and viewed as many times as you like from any device and from the comfort of your own home! Visit the academy home page: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/academy

Horses Inside Out Academy membership benefits: Free membership Watch the free tutorial videos. This channel is continuously being updated with new content and more learning opportunities. Over 40 hours of lectures, lecture demonstrations, recorded webinars, recorded seminars and presentations to choose from. All free or purchased content can be accessed at anytime and viewed as many times as you like from any device and from the comfort of your own home. Have your own account with a public or private profile which you can customise. Like and comment on blogs and articles and follow your favourite blog article categories. Receive notifications about new events and products as soon as they are released. View the events for which you are signed up, download your tickets, save your details for fast signup next time and see who else is going. Check the status of your book shop orders and view past orders, update and add delivery addresses, and save a payment details to fast-track future purchases. Some of Gillian's books feature accompanying videos and eBook versions which you can watch and read online via the academy. Visit the academy home page: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/academy

Webinars can be purchased and watched in 2 different ways:- Option 1: Buy a Ticket and Watch Live. Webinars are run using Zoom. Each webinar is approximately 2 hours long and there will be opportunity to ask questions.​On booking you will receive a confirmation email. ​By the Tuesday preceding the webinar you will receive an email inviting you to register for the event - just follow the instructions! The webinar will be opened 30 minutes before it starts to give you plenty of time to log on. ​The day after the webinar, you will receive a link by email. This will enable you to watch the recording for the next 7 days. This can only be accessed via the email link we send you.​ Certificates of Participation will also be sent via email after the webinar. Click here to see upcoming webinars: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/webinars Option 2: Purchase lifetime access to the recording After the date of the live event, Gillian’s webinars are added to the Academy. As a member, you can purchase lifetime access to any or all of the recorded webinars as well as the online video lectures and video courses. Certificates of participation can be downloaded at the end of each video. Click on this link to find out more: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/academy

Click on The Academy, or follow this link: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/academy Make sure you are logged in. Scroll down until you see the list of recorded webinars and click on the one you have purchased and it will start playing. As long as you are logged in, content you have purchased will play. If you have not purchased the content, it will only play the trailer.

When you purchase any content in the academy, you will receive an email with the direct link to the content. But all purchased videos can be accessed from the academy home page. https://www.horsesinsideout.com/academy Log in at the top right corner of the page Make sure you log in using the same email address you used when you bought the video or series. Scroll down to the icon of the video you purchased and click the watch button on the relevant video icon.

Firstly make sure you are a member of the Academy using the same email address you used to purchase the book to log in. You can either:- Scan the QR code that you will find in the book with your phone OR go to www.horsesinsideout.com/head-anatomy OR go to the Horses Inside Out Academy and scroll down to the Illustrated Head Anatomy icon and click “watch and learn”. Remember to always log in using the same email address you used to purchase the book.

As an academy member, make sure you log in to the academy using the email address you used to purchase the book. Inside the book on page 5, you will find a first time only passcode that you will be asked to use at: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/book-video/pelvis If you have bought the e-book, as an academy member, make sure you log in to the academy using the email address you used to purchase the book. You will be sent an email with instructions to follow. Or go to the academy page - scroll down until you find the thumbnail of your book. Click on it and it will open for you. Alternatively this is the direct link: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/book-video/pelvis

10! Gillian’s first book, ‘How your Horse Moves’, was published in 2009. There are now 10 books, some in multiple languages. The books are all beautifully illustrated, precisely annotated, clearly explained, and are suitable for professionals or amateurs. Anatomy in Action - A comprehensive study of horse movement from the anatomical perspective. Anatomy Poster Book Volume 1 – The Musculoskeletal System: Anatomy Poster Book Volume 2 - The Internal Organs: Exploring Equine Anatomy - A Mindfulness Colouring Book: Horse Anatomy for Performance: A Practical Guide to Training, Riding adn Horse Care How Your Horse Moves - A Unique Visual Guide to Improving Performance Illustrated Head Anatomy - For health, performance, bridle fit and design Pilates and Stretching - An Exercise Index for Horse Owners Posture and Performance - Principles of Training Horses from the Anatomical Percpective Sacroiliac Ligaments and Iliopsoas Muscle Group Find them all and to see our other products, go to: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/shop

Yes. You can find models, prints, greetings cards, calendars…. and if you can’t decide what gift to buy, you can always purchase a gift voucher. Find them all at https://www.horsesinsideout.com/shop

To date Gillian has 10 published books of which several books study equine biomechanics. They beautifully explain and illustrate different aspects of applied equine anatomy, biomechanics, training, posture, exercise, therapy and performance. Find them all listed here:  https://www.horsesinsideout.com/shop  For a study of equine biomechanics these are our top recommendations: How Your Horse Moves - A Unique Visual Guide to Improving Performance is the perfect introduction to the anatomy and biomechanics of the horse Posture and Performance - Principles of Training Horses from the Anatomical Perspective is a must for all coaches and riders as it studies biomechanics related to training, posture and riding. For coaches, therapists, judges and the more advanced equine biomechanics enthusiast, Anatomy in Action is a must. This is a beautiful, large book illustrating an incredible photographic study of horse movement accompanied by a comprehensive video course in horse movement from the anatomical perspective. Learn more here: For anyone wishing to learn more detailed anatomy and biomechanics of the pelvic and sacroiliac region the multimedia book: Sacroiliac Ligaments and Iliopsoas Muscle Group is a must. As well as fabulous illustrations in the book,  comprehensive video lectures accompany the book so the viewer can really learn about the structure, function, biomechanics and injury of these important structures.

Yes! Gift vouchers and e-vouchers are ideal presents for horsey friends and family. You can purchase them here: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/giftcards

Gillian has written several equine anatomy books. To date there are 10 published. They beautifully explain and illustrate different aspects of applied equine anatomy, training, posture, exercise, therapy and performance. Find them all listed here:  https://www.horsesinsideout.com/shop  How Your Horse Moves - A Unique Visual Guide to Improving Performance is the perfect introduction to the anatomy of the horse The equine anatomy colouring book: Exploring Equine Anatomy is particularly good for those wishing to learn about the muscles and skeleton in movement: Posture and Performance - Principles of Training Horses from the Anatomical Perspective is a must for all coaches and riders as it studies anatomy related to training, posture and riding If you wish to learn about all the anatomical systems of the horse and how they relate to riding, training and performance, check out Horse Anatomy for Performance - A Practical Guide to Training, Riding and Horse The Anatomy Poster Books are great for learning about the names and positions of anatomical structures and useful for teaching and demonstrating.  Anatomy Poster Book  Volume 1 – The Musculoskeletal System Anatomy Poster Book Volume 2 - The Internal Organs Pilates and Stretching - An Exercise Index for Horse Owners is full of easy to do in the stable and in-hand therapeutic, stretching, strengthening, core stability and postural exercises that improve comfort, performance and wellbeing: For coaches, therapists, judges and the more advanced equine anatomy enthusiast, Anatomy in Action is a must. This is a beautiful large book illustrating an incredible photographic study of horse movement and a comprehensive video course in horse movement from the anatomical perspective. Learn more here: To learn about the anatomy of the horse’s head related to health, performance, bridle fit and design, the multimedia book Illustrated Head Anatomy is for you! For anyone wishing to learn more detailed anatomy of the pelvic and sacroiliac region the multimedia book: Sacroiliac Ligaments and Iliopsoas Muscle Group is a must. As well as fabulous illustrations in the book, it is accompanied by comprehensive video lectures so the viewer can really learn about the structure, function, biomechanics and injury of these important structures. -

Most horses have 4 natural gaits, a way or pattern of movement, walk, trot, canter and gallop. Gaits are determined by breed. Gaited horses such as the Icelandic, American Saddlebred and Paso Fino, all have the ability to move with gaits where one foot is always on the ground such as the tölt, running walk or amble. Some breeds of horses, mostly standard breds and Icelandics also pace. Gait irregularities can occur due to lameness, pain, discomfort, postural changes and conformation. Studying the biomechanics of the different gaits in detail is important for assessing horse movement and maximising performance. This is covered in detail in the book and video course Anatomy in Action

Equine Biomechanics is the science and study of movement and mechanics of the horse’s body including how muscles, bones, fascia, tendons and ligaments work together to produce movement. In essence, understanding biomechanics and applying it is the foundation for good technique in all sports. By studying and understanding how the body naturally moves, stress and pressure in the bones, joints, muscles, and ligaments can be minimised.

One of the most important areas of your horse's anatomy is its back as it is where you sit. If it is painful or uncomfortable in any way, it will affect how your horse feels when riding from being mildly uncomfortable and lacking performance to being very on-edge and dangerous to ride.  To learn more about the anatomy, biomechanics and posture of the horse’s back check out the recorded webinar: Understanding Your Horse’s Back

Understanding anatomy is key to assessing conformation. There are five main criteria to evaluate when examining a horse's conformation: balance, structural correctness, way of going, muscling, and breed/sex character (also known as type). To learn more about these criteria, sign up for Gillian’s course Assessing Posture and Movement and watch the webinar Understanding and Assessing your Horse’s Posture To learn more, join the Academy

Equine anatomy involves the study of the tissues, structures and systems of the horse. Of the 11 anatomical systems, understanding the skeleton, joints, muscles, fascia, connective tissues and nervous system are vital to improving and maintaining comfort, movement and performance. The more you understand the anatomy of the horse, the better you will be able to manage, train and rehabilitate horses effectively. Anatomy can sometimes seem a difficult or dry subject but not with Gillian and Horses Inside Out. By painting the systems onto the side of real live horses, it makes anatomy easy to visualise and easier to understand. Through Horses Inside Out practical courses, online events, books and our anatomy exhibition, we offer a range of opportunities to learn about equine anatomy. Follow these links to find out more information: Books, ebooks, posters and prints: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/shop Upcoming live events: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/whats-on-list Online courses and recorded webinars: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/academy

The Anatomy Poster Books are great for learning anatomy can be a dry and difficult subject to learn, but not with Gillian. By painting the skeleton, muscles and other anatomical systems onto live horses, it really brings the subject to life. Gillian’s passion and dynamic teaching style inspire students and course attendees, and the applied nature of her teaching helps horse owners appreciate the importance of anatomy and understand its relevance. In addition to anatomically painted horses, Gillian has created a number of interactive teaching models to help illustrate anatomy.  The equine anatomy colouring book: Exploring Equine Anatomy is particularly good for those wishing to learn about the muscles and skeleton in movement. One of the best ways to learn about the anatomy of the horse relevant to riding training and performance is to watch the online lecture demonstration series with Gillian Higgins. Find out more about it here: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/lecture-demo-series  Posture and Performance - Principles of Training Horses from the Anatomical Perspective is a must for all coaches and riders as it studies anatomy related to training, posture and riding Through the Horses Inside Out Academy (it’s free to join), you can learn about the anatomy of the horse with short tutorial videos as well as longer recorded webinars and online courses. Learn about equine anatomy through one of Gillian’s published books which look at different aspects of equine anatomy, training, posture, exercise, therapy and performance. www.horsesinsideout.com/shop If you wish to learn about all the anatomical systems of the horse and how they relate to riding, training and performance, check out Horse Anatomy for Performance - A Practical Guide to Training, Riding and Horse Care How Your Horse Moves - A Unique Visual Guide to Improving Performance is the perfect introduction to the anatomy of the horse ning about the names and positions of anatomical structures and useful for teaching and demonstrating.  Anatomy Poster Book  Volume 1 – The Musculoskeletal System: Anatomy Poster Book Volume 2 - The Internal Organs: For coaches, therapists, judges and the more advanced equine anatomy enthusiast, Anatomy in Action is a must. This is a beautiful large book illustrating an incredible photographic study of horse movement and a comprehensive video course in horse movement from the anatomical perspective. Learn more here: To learn about the anatomy of the horse’s head related to health, performance, bridle fit and design the multimedia book Illustrated Head Anatomy is for you! For anyone wishing to learn more detailed anatomy of the pelvic and sacroiliac region the multimedia book: Sacroiliac Ligaments and Iliopsoas Muscle Group is a must. As well as fabulous illustrations in the book, it is accompanied by comprehensive video lectures so the viewer can really learn about the structure, function, biomechanics and injury of these important structures. - For the best way to learn about equine anatomy, come on an in person, practical course with Gillian at Wavendon Grange. Gillian’s teaching style, the many bone specimens, real horse skeletons and using live painted horses all help the learner absorb and remember all the various anatomy parts. There are lots of courses on offer, check out this link https://www.horsesinsideout.com/whats-on-list  - but for pure equine anatomy we recommend: The Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics Course Interactive Anatomy Course: If you have any further questions or would like advice as to what would best fit your needs send an email info@horsesinsideout.com 

The 11 body systems of the horse are integumentary (skin) system, skeletal system, muscular system, lymphatic system, respiratory system, digestive system, nervous system, endocrine system, cardiovascular system, urinary system, and reproductive systems. The anatomy of these systems, including location, function and their relevance to management riding and training of horses, can be found in the book Horse Anatomy for Performance All the anatomical systems are also illustrated in the Horses Inside Out Anatomy Poster Books. These are great for learning about the names and positions of anatmical structures and useful for teaching and demonstrating.  Anatomy Poster Book  Volume 1 – The Musculoskeletal System Anatomy Poster Book Volume 2 - The Internal Organs

The longissimus dorsi is the strongest muscle in a horse's body. It originates from the last four cervical vertebrae and extends down the spine to the pelvis. This large gymnastic muscle is important in transferring force from the hindquarters through the body. It is important for hindlimb propulsion, forward movement, kicking, rearing, bucking and jumping. It is an important part of the extensor chain of muscles and a healthy, comfortable longissimus dorsi is key to good performance and back posture. To learn more about the longissimus dorsi muscle:- Watch: Understanding Your Horse’s Back Watch: Muscular Misconceptions - all about the muscles on which we sit Watch: Understanding and Assessing Your Horse’s Posture Read: Posture and Performance Watch: Understanding Muscles and Fascia    To understand more about the biomechanics of the longissimus dorsi muscle in motion: Watch: Understanding Collection and Engagement Watch: The online lecture demonstration series

The lumbosacral junction is a hinge joint between the last lumbar vertebrae and the first sacral vertebrae. It is significant as it is the most mobile joint in the horse’s back. The flexion and extension created at this joint is important for movements such as canter, gallop, jumping, the western sliding stop, and bringing the hindleg under and carrying weight behind in collected movements in dressage. Pain and discomfort significantly affects movement and performance. Being so close in its location, dysfunction here will also affect the sacroiliac joint. Understanding the anatomy and biomechanics of the lumbosacral junction, how to assess its posture and movement, recognise dysfunction and maintain strength and mobility through appropriate training and rehabilitation exercise is important for all riders, coaches and therapists. Learn more about the lumbosacral junction here: Understanding Your Horse’s Back Understanding and Improving Posture The video course: Sacroiliac ligaments and the iliopsoas muscle group Posture and Performance This and other anatomy questions are covered in Gillian’s book Horse Anatomy for Performance. Join the Horses Inside Out Academy (free to join) where you will find many useful videos in the tutorial channel:

Horses have an average of 54 vertebrae, though the number can vary between 51 and 58. This and other anatomy questions are covered in Gillian’s book Horse Anatomy for Performance. To learn more about equine anatomy become an Academy member

The thoracic sling muscles are the muscles that support and hold the thorax up between the front legs. They include the ventral serrate and pectoral muscles. Strong and healthy thoracic sling muscles are important for posture and movement. To learn more about the anatomy of the thoracic sling muscles and how to assess and improve them look at:  Understanding and Assessing Posture Pilates for Horses Poles for Posture Understanding Muscles and Fascia Online lecture demonstration series   Massage for Horses Book: Posture and Performance To learn more about muscles become an Academy member

The nuchal ligament is a ligament in the horse’s neck. It connects the occiput, at the back of the head, to the spinous processes at the withers. It is an atypical ligament in that it has a higher proportion of elastin fibres making it more elastic than others. Its main function is to support the weight of the head and neck. However due to its unique anatomy and connections to the back, the nuchal ligament plays a really important role in posture, outline and movement. To learn more about it check out these learning opportunities: Understanding Your Horse’s Back   Understanding the Horse’s Neck Understanding and Assessing Posture Online lecture demonstration series   Book: How Your Horse Moves Book: Posture and Performance To learn more about ligaments become an Academy member

The horse's body possesses approximately 700 muscles that control movement. However rather than thinking about muscles as individual units it is important to appreciate how they all work together. With Horses Inside Out we run a number of courses and online learning opportunities looking at muscles, how they work, muscle biomechanics, myofascial connections, muscular movement and how to keep muscles healthy. If you’d like to learn more check out:- Understanding Muscles and Fascia Muscular Misconceptions - All about the muscles on which we sit Online lecture demonstration series Massage for Horses Book: How Your Horse Moves Book: Posture and Performance To learn more about muscles become an Academy member

The longissimus dorsi is the largest muscle in the horse’s back and the longest in the whole body. As a gymnastic muscle it helps to transfer forces from the hindquarters forward. Horses commonly get tension, soreness and asymmetry in the longissimus dorsi muscle as a result of back problems, poor posture and limb lameness. To learn more about the anatomy, function and biomechanics of the longissimus dorsi muscle as well as things you can do to help keep your horse’s longissimus dorsi healthy and comfortable look at these learning opportunities:- Understanding Your Horse’s Back Understanding and Assessing Posture Understanding Muscles and Fascia Muscular Misconceptions - All about the muscles on which we sit Online lecture demonstration series Massage for Horses Book: How Your Horse Moves Book: Posture and Performance To learn more about muscles become an Academy member

The iliopsoas is a muscle group on the underside and inside of the pelvis and lumbar region. It is made up of three muscles: the psoas major, psoas minor and iliacus. This muscle group is an important pelvic and sacroiliac joint stabiliser as well as flexor of the hip and lumbosacral junction. As such health, strength, suppleness and symmetry of the iliopsoas muscle group is imperative for pelvic, sacroiliac, lumbosacral and hip joint performance and movement. Watch the video course Sacroiliac Ligaments and the Iliopsoas Muscle Group to learn about the anatomy, location, function and action of this muscle group as well as injury, weakness, dysfunction and exercises for strengthening and rehabilitation. Article - The Pelvis and the Iliopsoas:

The tuber coxae, tuber sacrale and tuber ischium are the three points of the pelvis that can be felt from the outside of the horse. Learning to palpate these structures can be useful for assessing equine posture and movement. If you’d like to learn more about the horse’s pelvic region, the anatomy, function, movement, dysfunction assessment and posture watch the video course www.horsesinsideout.com/sacroiliac  Learn more here: Online lecture demonstration series Book: How Your Horse Moves Book: Posture and Performance

The sacroiliac ligaments stabilise the sacroiliac joint where their role is to strengthen, stabilise and support. The health of these ligaments are imperative to pelvic function and performance. To learn more look at: The video course and book: Sacroiliac Ligaments and the Iliopsoas Muscle Group Book Posture and Performance Recorded webinar: Understanding the Horse’s Back Recorded webinar: Understanding and Improving Posture Article - The Pelvis and the Iliopsoas

The horse’s stifle is a joint in the hindlimb equivalent to the human knee. It is found underneath the hip and above the hock joint. This joint is a complex, condylar, synovial joint and includes the femur, patella and tibia. Due to the strong cruciate and collateral ligaments movement is mostly flexion and extension. Health at this joint is imperative for musculoskeletal health, performance and soundness. Understanding its anatomy and biomechanics is key to improving training and management methods to help the stifle. Learn more in How Your Horse Moves To learn more about equine anatomy become an Academy member

The femur is the largest bone and the gluteus medius is the largest muscle in the horse’s body. Learn more about anatomy in How Your Horse Moves To learn more about equine anatomy become an Academy member

The smallest bone is the stapes - found in the ear. Learn more about anatomy in How Your Horse Moves To learn more about equine anatomy become an Academy member

The horse’s carpus in the front limb is commonly called the knee however this joint is actually equivalent to the human wrist.  The stifle is equivalent to the human knee. Joint health is imperative for musculoskeletal health, performance and soundness. Understanding anatomy and biomechanics is key to improving training and management methods to help the stifle and carpus. Learn more about these joints and others in the book How Your Horse Moves and in the online lecture demonstration series To learn more about joints become an Academy member

The horse's elbow is located below the shoulder joint and above the carpal joint. It is made up of three bones; the humerus, radius and ulna bones. Understanding anatomy and biomechanics is key to improving training and management methods to help the elbow. Learn more about these joints and others in the book How Your Horse Moves and in the online lecture demonstration series To learn more about joints become an Academy member www.horsesinsideout.com/welcome

The lumbosacral junction is a hinge joint between the last lumbar vertebrae and the sacrum. It is interesting to note that there is significantly more flexion and extension at this junction than at any other joint in the back. Posture and mobility of the lumbosacral junction is important for maintaining back and hindlimb posture and performance. Learn more about the lumbosacral junction in:- The video course and book: Sacroiliac Ligaments and the Iliopsoas Muscle Group Book How Your Horse Moves Book Posture and Performance Recorded webinar: Understanding and Improving Posture Recorded webinar: Understanding the Horse’s Back Recorded webinar: Pilates for Horses Recorded webinar: Poles for Posture This junction is actually comprised of five separate joints: the intercentral joint between the caudal aspect of the vertebral body of the sixth lumbar vertebra and the sacrum, between which is an intervertebral disk; two intertransverse joints; and two synovial intervertebral articulations between the articular processes.

The lumbosacral region is the back of the back. It is equivalent to the human lower back and consists of the 6 lumbar vertebrae and the sacrum. Learn more about the lumbosacral region in:- The video course and book: Sacroiliac Ligaments and the Iliopsoas Muscle Group Book How Your Horse Moves Book Posture and Performance Recorded webinar: Understanding the Horse’s Back Recorded webinar: Understanding and Improving Posture Video course Anatomy in Action Online lecture demonstration series

As BHS senior coach, anatomist and therapist, Gillian offers ridden or in hand individual sessions to enable you to get the best outcome for yourself and your horse. She is available for either individual or group sessions. To learn more, click here: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/wavendon-grange

Equine massage therapy manipulates the muscles and soft tissue structures of the horse. It has many benefits and is such a useful skill to learn. It can be used to maintain suppleness and flexibility, promote physical and mental relaxation, and reduce muscle tension and stiffness. It’s also an excellent way to develop a stronger bond between you and your horse. Sign up for the very popular Equine Massage for Horse Owners course run by Gillian Higgins. Follow this link for further information: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/massage

Knowing what is normal and what isn’t when it comes to assessing tightness in a horse’s muscles is key. Practising on as many different horses as possible is important to get a feel for tight areas. Signing up for Gillian’s Massage for Horse Owners course will give you all the skills and techniques you will need to identify such areas and help release any stiffness. The recorded webinar: Understanding Muscles and Fascia also gives tips and techniques for testing and assessing for muscle tension in horses.

Fascia is an uninterrupted web of soft dense tissue that permeates, surrounds and intertwines with every muscle, bone and organ in the body, binding it together and allowing it to operate as one homogenous unit. Find out more information in Gillian’s book Horse Anatomy for Performance, purchase Understanding Muscles and Fascia one of several webinars or videos from The Academy, or attend one of Gillian’s excellent courses Fascia Release and Myofascial Chains and Release Techniques To learn more, joint the Academy.

If faulty or damaged, fascia becomes tight or tense. Fascia release is a method of using various hands on techniques that help to stretch and remove any tension. Learn more about fascia in Understanding Muscles and Fascia one of several webinars or videos from the Academy. Sign up for one of Gillian's fascia release courses which can be found at: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/cpd-therapists

Equine Pilates is a set of stretches and groundwork exercises that can be hugely beneficial to all horses and boost performance. It focuses on improving posture, flexibility, core stability, and balance to name a few. At Horses Inside Out there are a number of options for learning techniques: Enrol on the very popular in-person Pilates for Horse Owners course run by Gillian Higgins: Purchase the beautifully illustrated book Pilates and Stretching: Learn online by watching the comprehensive video lecture Pilates for Horses: Watch online the follow-on Pilates for Horses recorded webinar:

Yes, You can bring your horse to Gillian at Wavendon Grange for a complete musculoskeletal, movement and postural assessments, therapy session and tailored exercise and therapeutic plans. To read more about this click here, https://www.horsesinsideout.com/equine-therapy

Lameness is a gait irregularity caused by pain. It can be obvious or very subtle as, due to being prey animals, horses naturally try to hide lameness. Lameness can be seen in the form of altered head movement, a head nod, uneven or shortened stride length, asymmetrical movement through the horse’s body and an unwillingness to bear weight on one or more limbs. To learn more about how to assess movement watch the online video course Anatomy in Action Watch the online seminar: Recognising Pain Related Poor Performance available in the Horses Inside Out Academy. Or attend the in-person course: Assessing Posture and Movement

There are many signs that a horse can express to show he is in pain. These vary from the more extreme, such as lameness, rearing, kicking, bucking or bolting to the harder to notice signs such as a tightening of the nostrils or  a fixing of the lower jaw. Find out more by clicking on the following link: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/sue-dyson 

Roach back, known also as kyphosis, occurs occasionally in young horses that grow rapidly. Typically, onset happens after weaning at six to nine months of age. The dorsal processes of the lumbar vertebrae are unusually tall, giving the animal a characteristic hump-backed appearance usually in the lumbar region. This back shape can also be conformational or related to pain or discomfort usually from the pelvic and sacroiliac region. To learn more about the anatomy, biomechanics and posture of the horse’s back check out the recorded webinar: Understanding Your Horse’s Back It makes full use of anatomically painted horses and slow-motion videos, is packed with information, tips and exercises related to the anatomy, biomechanics, structure and function of the horse’s back. With good back posture being key to a good performance as well as a happy healthy horse, the content is designed to help the rider, trainer and therapist keep the horse's back healthy, strong and mobile.  Also to understand more about roach back and other postures watch the recorded webinar: Understanding and Assessing Your Horse’s Posture This looks at how we, as horse owners, riders, coaches and therapists can determine what is good or bad posture and how through good management practices, in hand exercises and correct riding, we can improve our horses musculoskeletal comfort, longevity, flexibility and efficiency. Explaining how good posture minimises the risk of muscular problems, back pain, muscle fatigue  and injury it also looks at how the horse can  carry the rider more easily. It includes a downloadable structured programme and posture assessment sheet included you will be able to track, assess and record your horse’s postural progress.

Kissing Spine occurs when there are bony changes of the bony projections (dorsal spinous processes) at the top of the vertebrae. It is most commonly seen in the mid-caudal thoracic and lumbar region of the horse’s back. Conformation and posture are 2 factors that can cause kissing spine to occur. To learn more about kissing spine, the anatomy and cause, and for rehabilitation and maintenance exercises to help horses with kissing watch:   Understanding Your Horse's Back Understanding and Improving Your Horse’s Posture Pilates for Horses Poles for Posture

If a horse is lame, veterinary advice needs to be sought. The most common causes of lamenesses include problems in the hoof, (e.g. foot abscess), traumatic injuries and repetitive strain injury. To learn more about how to assess horse movement to detect lameness, watch the video course, Anatomy in Action or attend the in-person course: Assessing Posture and Movement To learn how lameness affects posture watch: Understanding and Assessing Your Horse’s Posture Join the Horses Inside Out Academy (free to join) where you will find many useful videos in the tutorial channel.

Back pain, discomfort and soreness can affect performance, movement and behaviour. As horse owners and riders it is important to assess our horse’s back comfort on a regular basis. If you suspect your horse has discomfort in the back it is important to seek professional advice as soon as possible to be able to take the right actions to help and manage your horse. Learning what is normal for your horse gives you the ability to detect changes early on. To learn how to test your horse’s back for soreness watch the wonderful free video in the Horses Inside Out Academy tutorial video channel on how to test your horse’s back for soreness. Follow this link: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/academy  To learn more  Attend a Massage for Horses - Day Course for Horse Owners Watch Understanding Your Horse’s Back Watch Understanding Muscles and Fascia Join the Horses Inside Out Academy (free to join) where you will find many useful videos in the tutorial channel.

The horse's tail is an extension of the spine. Bone, muscle, ligament, fascia and nerves continue from the spine and back into the tail. The actual muscles that you feel in the horse’s dock originate in the lumbar region. So a horse holding his tail to one side can be an indication of tension or discomfort further forward in the sacral, lumbar or even thoracic sections of the spine. A sudden change in the positioning in the tail is a useful indicator of injury. If the horse has always held the tail a little to the side this can also be an indicator of asymmetrical muscle strength and development and one sidedness. Damage to the tail itself can also cause the tail to be held to one side. To learn more about this read this article: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/post/pilates-for-horses-part-4-the-tail   The anatomical connections also means we can use the tail in therapeutic, mobilising, stretching and strengthening exercises. Learn more about this here: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/pilates  Join the Horses Inside Out Academy (free to join) where you will find many useful videos (including one about the anatomy of the tail and exercises involving the tail) in the tutorial channel.

Sacroiliac dysfunction is pain and injury of the sacroiliac joints, joint capsules and/ or ligaments. It can be caused by trauma, posture, conformation, training and repetitive strain injury. If you have a horse with sacroiliac dysfunction it is important to understand the anatomy and biomechanics of the joint and the surrounding structures before treatment and management can be understood. Learn more with:- The video course and book: Sacroiliac Ligaments and the Iliopsoas Muscle Group Book Posture and Performance Recorded webinar: Understanding and Improving Posture Recorded webinar: Understanding the Horse’s Back Recorded webinar: Pilates for Horses Recorded webinar: Poles for Posture Article - The Pelvis and the Iliopsoas: To learn more about anatomy and biomechanics become an Academy member

An accurate diagnosis and whole horse assessment is important for horses with kissing spine. Very often there are additional issues and problems to consider as kissing spine is commonly a secondary symptom. Work with a team of professionals. Your vet, therapists, farrier and coach all need to work together to help your horse.  It is important that you thoroughly understand the Anatomy of the Horse’s Back and the mechanics of the condition and the influence of posture. Watch Posture and Performance . Evaluate and manage the way your horse lives (the other 23 hours) and make sure you are doing as much as possible to ensure good posture and movement is maintained.  Regular massage, pilates exercises , and polework exercises are key to managing your horse and supporting his posture and musculoskeletal system which ultimately help him with his kissing spine.  For anyone with a horse with kissing spines, Gillian’s beautifully illustrated and clearly explained book  Posture and Performance would be a must for understanding the principles of posture and training to help with management and rehabilitation. Join the Horses Inside Out Academy (it's free to join) where you will find many useful videos in the tutorial channel.

Treatment and management of sacroiliac dysfunction is challenging. It may include rest,controlled exercise and rehabilitation, steroid injections and anti-inflammatory medications. Shock wave therapy, physiotherapy, massage and acupuncture can be helpful. If you have a horse with sacroiliac joint pain it is important to understand the anatomy and biomechanics of the joint and the surrounding structures before treatment and management can be understood. Learn more with:- The video course and book: Sacroiliac Ligaments and the Iliopsoas Muscle Group Book Posture and Performance Recorded webinar: Understanding and Improving Posture Recorded webinar: Understanding the Horse’s Back Recorded webinar: Pilates for Horses Recorded webinar: Poles for Posture Article - The Pelvis and the Iliopsoas To learn more about the sacroiliac become an Academy member

Healthy sacroiliac ligaments and strong iliopsoas muscles are essential for the athletic horse. The sacroiliac ligaments and muscles supporting the joint can be strengthened through certain exercises.  In hand pilates exercises and certain ridden exercises go a long way to strengthening the core and muscles that stabilise the sacroiliac region. Gillian has devised a Pilates for Horses system that includes exercises for strengthening this system. For more specific sacroiliac strengthening and rehabilitation exercises watch the video course: Sacroiliac Ligaments and the Iliopsoas Muscle Group Find out more by joining the Academy.

The cause of a sacroiliac joint problem is usually repetitive strain injury due to asymmetrical forces from the hindlimbs; this may be as a result of hindlimb lameness, weakness, postural problems, inappropriate training or conformational asymmetry. It can also be caused by trauma, such as a fall or wrench, which can be sustained during training or competition or even in the paddock. If you have a horse with sacroiliac joint pain it is important to understand the anatomy and biomechanics of the joint and the surrounding structures before treatment and management can be understood. Learn more with:- The video course and book: Sacroiliac Ligaments and the Iliopsoas Muscle Group Book Posture and Performance Recorded webinar: Understanding and Improving Posture Recorded webinar: Understanding the Horse’s Back Recorded webinar: Pilates for Horses Recorded webinar: Poles for Posture Article - The Pelvis and the Iliopsoas: To learn more about the sacroiliac become an Academy member

Improving balance, as well as making the horse more confident, sure footed and a more comfortable ride, can help to improve movement, posture, musculoskeletal comfort and reduce the risk of injury. There are many balance improving exercises that you can do either on the ground or riding. These exercises work by stimulating the core and lateral stability muscles as well as influencing the nervous system and improving proprioception and spatial awareness. Here are a list of resources useful if you wish to learn more about improving your horse’s balance:- Pilates and Stretching - An Exercise Index for Horse Owners Poles for Posture Pilates for Horses Pilates and Stretching for Horses Posture and Performance - Principles of Training Horses from the Anatomical Perspective Join the Horses Inside Out Academy (free to join) where you will find many useful videos in the tutorial channel.

Straightness is an important pillar of your horse’s training. The ultimate aim is to have your horse as symmetrical and straight as possible. However, the reality is that no horse is completely symmetrical. There’s plenty you can do to improve your horse’s straightness. By using the right exercises to train his muscles and straighten him, it is possible to achieve better movement, performance and improved posture. A straight horse will be physically and mentally in balance, symmetrically and muscularly fit, supple, strong, able to round his back and carry the rider with ease.   To help you achieve this, having the ability to assess a horse’s straightness from in front and behind as well as the side is an effective method of evaluating symmetry and soundness. To learn more about how to assess movement watch the online video course Anatomy in Action and  attend the in-person course: Assessing Posture and Movement. In the webinar Striving for Straightness , Gillian explains and illustrates the biomechanics of straightness – bringing this fascinating subject to life using her signature anatomically painted horses and slow-motion video, as well as truly understanding what straightness is, learning to recognise signs of asymmetry, core weakness and lateral instability which can challenge your horse’s musculoskeletal health as well as his performance. Gillian suggests a number of different exercises you can do with your horse and discusses massage and mobilisation techniques that will all help improve your horse’s straightness.   Whether you’re a trainer, rider or therapist, once you have a clearer understanding of the biomechanics of straightness and know what techniques to use to assess and improve it, you’ll be able to improve the horse’s training and way of going. The book Posture for Performance discusses the principles of training and suggests exercises for improving straightness, gait, posture, flexibility, core stability and musculoskeletal strength. Additional online content to watch if you’d like to learn more about straightness and improving symmetry include: The Biomechanics of Bending Understanding and assessing Posture Poles for Posture Understanding Muscles and Fascia Movement from the Anatomical Perspective Join the Horses Inside Out Academy (free to join) where you will find many useful videos in the tutorial channel

Suppleness is important for musculoskeletal health, comfort and performance as well as being an important pillar of training and one of the first training scales. Suppleness requires the ability to relax and elongate muscles along with strength and stability. A supple horse will move with ease, comfort and relaxation. However, suppleness with horses does not just refer to the musculoskeletal system - relaxation and suppleness of the mind is also important. Mental tension will affect muscular tension and posture. Suppleness therefore can be improved by a number of musculoskeletal exercises and stretches as well as training techniques which encourage mental as well as physical relaxation. To learn more about suppleness and ways to improve it with your horse here are a list of recommended resources: Posture for Performance - Principles of training from the anatomical perspective The Biomechanics of Bending Poles for Posture Understanding Muscles and Fascia Movement from the Anatomical Perspective Pilates and Stretching - An Exercise Index for Horse Owners Pilates for Horses: Pilates and Stretching for Horses  Join the Horses Inside Out Academy (free to join) where you will find many useful videos in the tutorial channel:

In a general sense, a horse working in a correct outline should be round over the back, working in an uphill manner with well-engaged hindquarters, the base of the neck up, stretching through his topline to seek the bit and with his nose slightly in front of the vertical. Learn more by watching the recorded webinar: Understanding the Horse’s Neck and reading Posture and Performance To learn more about biomechanics become an Academy member

There are many benefits to working a horse in a forwards and down head and neck position including greater flexion through the thoracic region, there is increased abdominal muscle recruitment and it can also encourage mental relaxation. As some back pain can be alleviated it is sometimes called an analgesic position. To learn more the biomechanics and benefits  watch the recorded webinar: Understanding the Horse’s Neck and read Posture and Performance To learn more about biomechanics become an Academy member

To ensure your horse is comfortable when wearing a bridle it is important to have a thorough understanding of the external anatomy of the head. It is important for welfare and improving performance and can affect the horse’s willingness to work for you. You do not want any inappropriate pressure to interfere with sensitive anatomy such as the TMJ, occipitoatlantal joint, underlying muscles, nerves or blood vessels. To find out more about the horse’s head anatomy related to health, performance, bridle fit and design:- Read Gillian’s incredible book Illustrated Head Anatomy and  Watch the presentation: Anatomy of the Head - Related to Health, Performance, Bridle Fit and Design Read this Article on anatomy and bridle fit: https://www.horsesinsideout.com/post/why-bit-and-bridle-fit-are-key-to-your-horse-s-welfare  To learn more, join the Academy

We all want the best start for our young horses. The age at which and how we start them has a big impact on their future musculoskeletal health, comfort, performance and longevity. In the webinar, Skeletal Maturity and Exercises for Young Horses, Gillian Higgins goes into detail about the ages at which growth plates close, how youngsters, regardless of conformation or type, develop both muscularly and skeletally. Gillian compares skeletons with both open and closed growth plates and looks at different activities and exercises to help prepare young horses for future ridden work. Understanding skeletal maturity is key to developing a happy, healthy, posturally strong horse.  This recorded webinar is a must for anyone with a young horse 

The best distance between poles depends on the size of your horse or pony but normally it would range between 0.6m to 1m. You can find more information about walk poles in:- Posture and Performance Poles for Posture The Principles of Movement Join the Horses Inside Out (free to join) where you will find many useful videos (including a guide to walking distances) in the tutorial channel

The best distance between poles depends on the size of your horse or pony but normally it would range between 1.2m to 1.7m You can find more information about walk poles in:- Posture and Performance Poles for Posture The Principles of Movement Join the Horses Inside Out Academy (free to join) where you will find many useful videos (including a guide to walking distances) in the tutorial channel

The best distance between poles depends on the size of your horse or pony but normally it would range between 2.6m to 3.2m You can find more information about walk poles in:- Posture and Performance Poles for Posture The Principles of Movement Join the Horses Inside Out Academy (free to join) where you will find many useful videos (including a guide to walking distances) in the tutorial channel

Areas of rubbed hair under the saddle, sore muscles or uneven sweat marks are good indicators that the saddle is probably not fitting very well. To learn more about signs of ill fitting saddles and the anatomy of the back related to saddlery these learning resources will be of interest:- Article: If the Saddle Fits Recorded webinar: Understanding the Horse’s Back Recorded webinar: Muscular Misconceptions - All about the muscles on which we sit The best way to understand if your saddle correctly fits your horse is to sign up for Gillian’s course Anatomy and Biomechanics Course for Saddlery Professionals To learn more about equine anatomy become an Academy member